PROCESS DESIGN by Dian Pramesti

The design is the ability to combine ideas , scientific principles , resources and existing products developed for the settlement of the problems associated with the level of customer satisfaction of the product

The ability to solve this problem is the result of an organized approach and is a regular on the settlement of an issue , this is called the design process

Figure chart design process

The design process always leads to the manufacture , assembly , marketing . many services and activities required for a product that we know . Although many of the industries identified in their own ways , but the most straightforward procedure for the design of new products or improvement of the old design , through the following five stages

1 . Identify the problem

2 . Concepts and ideas

3 . Compromise on the settlement issue

4 . Model or prototype

5 . Image production and working drawings

Supposed to be a walk through the five stages of design mentioned above , if one part can not give good results and useful , it is necessary to find the root of the problem by going back to the original stage and repeat the procedure at each stage .

1 . PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

Design activity begins with the identification of the problem to the needs of consumers for a product that will be created or improved on certain products . In this case the designer must identify the needs of consumers for a product which is a result of the pendisain.Tentukan if the results of the design will be used by whom ? And how to use it .

2 . CONCEPT AND IDEAS

In this stage , all the ideas that make sense and do not make sense together in one section , for further analysis so as to form a concept of design thinking from an expert on how the design is made ? How much it cost ? How much profit will be in the can ?

3 . PROBLEM TO COMPROMISE SETTLEMENT

In this stage , all the ideas and results that have been collected and has been a concept in mind , the design expert seoarang must have compromise from within ourselves to settle the existing problems .

4 . MODEL OR PROTOTYPE

One form of compromise to the problem is to make a model or prototype.baik through the media or through CAD modeling real form , for example from resin ( fiberglass ) . At this stage prototype that has been made ​​, re- studied the shape , the fabric , the strength of the material , if the design is made ​​to move , it is necessary to carefully re , how the movement , driving source , all these things lead to one goal is to convince yourself that design has been made in accordance with the plan .

5 . FIGURE DRAWING AND PRODUCTION WORK

Once a model or prototype is made the next step is to create production drawings and working drawings . Image production is made as material for a presentation on the design , using a wide variety of applications created on CAD ​​systems , working drawings made ​​to obtain further action on the part that is in the process of the production process , so that the design can actually be realized in the form of a product

Development of prototypes

Prototypes were developed, based on AutoCAD and the Swedish AEC application Point. In the resulting applications the structuring of information in layers has been combined with a model-oriented approach to 2D CAD. Documents are produced using file references with a model space/ paper space system. All information is stored on file servers in a company wide network. Files are named and placed according to a company standard file system.

A simple user interface, based on prototypes developed earlier by Seamus Gilroy, member of the ISO working group, was designed for the creation and visibility control of layers (Figure 6). From lists of allowed codes for each separate field, the layer name or group of layers is composed. If this specification results in a layer that is not present in the CAD file, a new layer will automatically be created. 

Figure 6. FFNS Layer Manager dialogue box

When designing the dialogue, the educational aspect was considered very important. Therefore, the number of functions is quite limited. No courses to educate the CAD users should be necessary. This approach seems to have fulfilled its purpose - the new systems were accepted very rapidly and there were few question about the use. In future versions, more elaborate management of the structure will probably be introduced.

In addition to the Layer Manager, automatic assignment of layers has been embedded in all functions of the AEC application program, and conversion programs from the previous layering structure and back are available to the user.

Palace of Surakarta, By Budi Maryanto, ST

SURAKARTA palace built in 1708, it is characterized by sengkalan years in Stage Songgobuwana, namely NOGO MUOLUK TINITIHAN JAMNO, which shows the number in 1708, Nogo = 8, Muoluk = 0, Tinitihan = 7, jamno = 1, according sengkalan. Kraton Solo, is actually a transfer of KRATON Kartasura which runs on fuel by SUNAN YELLOW forces in the event of a war with china society. By Pakubuwana II, KRATON Kartasura moved to the village of SOLO.which later changed its name to SURAKARTA

SOLO palace photo

ISO LIST FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DRAWING by BUDI Maryanto, ST

ISO 128-1, 2004 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 1: Introduction and index

ISO 128-20, 1996 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 20:  Basic conventions for lines

ISO 128-22, 1999 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 22:  Basic conventions and applications for leader lines and reference lines

ISO 128-24, 1999 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 24:  Lines on mechanical engineering drawings

ISO 128-30, 2001 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 30:  Basic conventions for views

ISO 128-34, 2001 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 34:  Views on mechanical engineering drawings

ISO 128-40, 2001 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 40:  Basic conventions for cuts and sections

ISO 128-44, 2001 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 44:  Sections on mechanical engineering drawings

ISO 128-50, 2001 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Part 50:  Basic conventions for representing areas on cuts and sections

ISO 129-1, 2004 Technical drawings - Indication of dimensions and tolerances  - Part 1: General principles

ISO 1101, 2004 Technical drawings - Geometrical tolerancing - Tolerancing of form,  orientation, location and run-out - Generalities, definitions, symbols, indications  on drawings

ISO 1302, 2002 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Indication of surface texture in technical product documentation

ISO 6149-1 Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use - Ports and stud ends with ISO 261 metric threads and O-ring sealing - Part 1: Ports with truncated housing for O-ring seal

ISO 11926-1  Connections for general use and fluid power - Ports and stud ends with ISO 725 threads and O-ring sealing - Part 1: Ports with O-ring seal in truncated housing

ISO 13715, Technical drawings - Edges of undefined shape - Vocabulary and indications

ISO 2162-1, 1993 Technical product documentation; springs; part 1: simplified representation

ISO 5459, 1981 Technical drawings; Geometrical tolerancing; Datums and datum systemsfor geometrical tolerances

ISO 6410-1, 1993 Technical drawings; screw threads and threaded parts; part 1: general Conventions

                                                                

GAMBAR KAMAR UNTUK ANAK

GAMBAR KAMAR UNTUK ANAK

THE SNAP by Budi M

Snap is one of AUTO CAD facility that serves to connect objects or lines precisely at the points of the desired line . When the AUTO CAD users want to connect a line to continue the line of AUTO CAD users will paste the line that will be made to the desired line . It will be difficult when the AUTO CAD users using the mouse . Because the object or the line should really stick sehinngga allow users AUTO CAD when it will make in the form of 3 -dimensional images , which in the process is preceded by the command region .

SNAP IN THE CIRCULAR FUNCTIONS

Snap function in the circular field is to determine the midpoint of a circular object field , specify quadran point of a circle and determine the tangent point well beyond the tangent line , and the tangent line , after determined its points then the AUTO CAD user is able to connect the line to the right.

Snap objects and their functions chart

MEMBUAT LAYER PADA AUTO CAD oleh BUDI MARYANTO,ST

Pada umumnya seorang pengguna AUTO CAD yang telah mahir menggunakan AUTO CAD untuk menggambar sudah memiliki ketentuan-ketentuan yang sistematis tentang manajemen layer. Manajemen layer pada umumnya menjadi tambahan persyaratan teknis. Pada umumnya manajemen layer ini berupa dokumen atau pedoman baku bagi seseorang pengguna AUTO CAD yang sudah mahir.

Setiap pengguna AUTO CAD yang telah mahir memiliki standar masing-masing mengenai manajemen layer , akan tetapi pada prinsipnya sama yakni mempercepat proses menggambar dengan AUTO CAD dan menyeragamkan hasil cetak gambar. Meskipun pada proses menggambar dengan AUTO CAD layer dibuat terlebih dahulu sebelum menggambar dengan AUTO CAD, tidak berarti gambar yang dibuat dengan AUTO CAD tidak dapat diperbaiki. Akan tetapi hal ini tidak disarankan karena akan banyak membuang waktu jika gambar yang kita gambar sangat komplek dan tidak efisien dalam hal menggambar dengan AUTO CAD.

Manajemen layer pada AUTO CAD bertujuan untuk mengelola komplektisitas gambar.

Layer dapat di bayangkan sebagai lembaran-lembaran transparan yang menampung obyek gambar

Cara membuat layer pada AUTO CAD adalah sebagai berikut

11.       Ketik layer tekan enter pada command window,klik format klik layer,atau klik ikon layer properties manager,

22.       Setelah muncul menu layer properties manager klik kanan mouse pada layer 0,klik new layer,lakukan hal yang sama sesuai dengan layer yang dibutuhkan pada gambar kerja

33.       Berikan nama pada layer sesuai dengan bidang gambar yang akan di proses

44.       Pada control panel layer ubahlah properties dari layer sesuai dengan kebutuhan akan gambar