JOURNALIST is a profession . In other words , the reporter is a professional , like a doctor , midwife , teacher , or lawyer . A job can be referred to as a profession if it has four of the following , as noted Indian scholar , Dr. . Lakshamana Rao :
There must be freedom in the earlier work .
There should be a call and attachment with the job .
There should be a skill (expertise ) .
There should be a responsibility attached to the code of ethics of work . ( Assegaf , 1987) .
In my opinion , journalists ( Indonesian ) meets the four criteria profesioal .
1 . Journalists have freedom called freedom of the press , the freedom to seek , obtain and disseminate ideas and information . Law no. 40/1999 on the Press said , freedom of the press is guaranteed as a basic right of citizens , even the national press is not subject to censorship , banning , or prohibition on broadcasting ( Article 4, paragraph 1 and 2 ) . Parties who tried to block the freedom of the press can be sentenced to a maximum of two years or a maximum of Rp 500 million dena ( Article 18, paragraph 1 ) .
Nonetheless , here freedom is limited by the obligation to respect the norms of religion and a sense of public decency and the presumption of innocence ( Article 5 , paragraph 1 ) .
Indeed , in addition , in practice , freedom of the press as the originator of the Libertarian Press pioneered ultimately be enjoyed by owners of capital or media owner . As a result , journalists and authors should be subject to the interests of the owner , or at least the vision , mission , and the media rubrikasi . A newspaper in London and often " castrate " the journalist 's own creativity in addition to mem - black list a number of writers did not like.
2 . Journalists working hours are 24 hours a day because it covers events that must often unpredictable and can happen at any time . As a professional , journalists had to go into the field to cover it . That call and attachment to work as a journalist . In fact , journalists sometimes have to work in danger . They want - and should be the first once - in getting news and recognize the leaders and famous people .
3 . Journalists have certain skills , ie skills looking for , cover , and write news , including writing and speaking skills in English Journalism .
4 . Journalists have and abide by the Code of Ethics of Journalism ( Article 7 paragraph ( 2 ) of Law no. 40/1999 on the Press ) . Mentioned in the description , is the Code of Journalistic Ethics is an agreed Code of Conduct established by the organization of journalists and the Press Council .
Code of Ethics of Journalism ( KEJ ) first issued issued PWI ( Indonesian Journalists Association ) . KEJ it among other sets .
News obtained by dishonest means .
Investigate the validity of a news or information before broadcast ( check and recheck ) .
As best he could distinguish between events (fact ) and opinion ( opinion) .
Respect and protect the position of news sources that do not want to be named . In this case , a journalist must not tell where he got the news if the person who gave him to secrecy .
Not preaching information given off the record ( for your eyes only ) .
Honestly citing sources in the news or a quote from a newspaper article or publication , for the solidarity of the profession .
As Indonesia entered the reform era with the end of the New Order regime , an organization of journalists who had been " single " , which is only PWI , be many . So , KEJ is only "valid " for journalists who are members of PWI . However , an organization of journalists who appear in addition to PWI also attaches importance to the presence of Journalists Code of Ethics . On August 6, 1999 , a total of 24 journalists from 26 organizations gathered in London and signed the Code of Indonesian Journalists ( KEWI ) . Most of the content is similar to KEJ PWI . KEWI cored seven terms as follows:
Indonesian journalists to respect the right of people to obtain the correct information .
Indonesian journalists cover ethical procedures to obtain and relay information and provide identity to the resources .
Indonesian journalists to respect the presumption of innocence , no mixing fact with opinion , balanced , and always examine the correctness of the information and avoid plagiarism .
Indonesian journalists not to broadcast information that is false , slanderous , violent , obscene , and not to mention the moral identity of crime victims .
Indonesian journalists do not accept bribes and do not abuse the profession .
Reject Indonesian journalists have rights , respect the terms of the embargo , background information , and off the record according to the agreement .
Indonesian journalists immediately revoke and rectify errors in reporting serves Right of Reply .
KEWI then set as the Code of Conduct which applies to all Indonesian journalists . Determination of Press Council as mandated by Law. 40 of 1999 on the Press by the Press Council Decree No. . 1/SK-DP/2000 dated June 20, 2000 .
Determination of the Code in order to ensure the upholding of freedom of the press and the rights of society . Code should be the foundation of moral or ethical profession that could be operational guidance in upholding the integrity and professionalism of journalists . Supervision and sanctions for violations of the code of conduct is left entirely to the ranks of the press and implemented by an organization formed for it.
KEWI should receive the full attention of all journalists . It was if it really wants to uphold the image and position of journalists as " professionals " . At the very least , it KEWI monitored internally by the owner or the management editor of the mass media , respectively .
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